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Speleology

Speleology (also spelled spelæology or spelaeology) is the scientific study of caves and other karst features, their make-up, structure, physical properties, history, life forms, and the processes by which they form (speleogenesis) and change over time (speleomorphology). The term speleology is also sometimes applied to the recreational activity of exploring caves, but this is more properly known as caving, spelunking or potholing. Speleology and caving are often connected, as the physical skills required for in situ study are the same. Speleology is a cross-disciplinary field that combines the knowledge of chemistry, biology, geology, physics, meteorology and cartography to develop portraits of caves as complex, evolving systems.

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Biology; Cell biology

術語,描述一個屏障,使一些化學物質,通過,但不是其他人。儲存格膜是這樣的一個障礙。

精液

Biology; Cell biology

精子和各種腺體分泌物的混合物。

感測器

Biology; Cell biology

在一個封閉的系統,檢測更改和信號,啟動回應效應的元素。

沉積岩

Biology; Cell biology

任何的岩石和沉積物,亦即,固體顆粒組成溶解的礦物質。示例包括從沙子或泥形成的岩石河床或海底上。

二次營養

Biology; Cell biology

植物需要數量較少的元素: 鈣、 鎂、 硫。

二次生長

Biology; Cell biology

植物細胞形成層所產生的。增加在周長的工廠由於如維外側的分生組織的行動。主要細胞生產的二次生長是次生木質部,更好地稱為木材。 ...

二次免疫

Biology; Cell biology

抗抗原它出現的第二次。因為 B 和 T 記憶細胞存在的 產生于抗原 Þrst 曝光期間,第二個反應更快、 更大規模和持續時間比主的免疫反應。 ...

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